Upper Elementary Montessori Zoology: Advanced Classification

I love how some materials seem to follow the child throughout their Montessori journey. For example, a set of matryoshka, or Russian nesting dolls, can be found beginning in the Montessori infant/toddler environment all the way up through upper elementary.

Matryoshka dolls are a beautiful piece of artwork and display of craftsmanship to add to the Montessori classroom. Children of all ages are fascinated by how the tiny dolls are hidden within the largest doll. As children open and close the dolls, they are developing their fine motor skills. As they grow older, children can compare, sequence, and classify the dolls using a variety of vocabulary: tall, taller, tallest; short, shorter, shortest; small, medium, large; etc. You can also use the dolls as sensorial objects for storytelling, as well as exploring history and cultural geography.

Upper Elementary Montessori Zoology: Presenting Taxonomy with Matryoshka Dolls

NAMC Montessori Zoology Advanced Classification matryoshka nesting dolls

In the upper elementary environment, the matryoshka dolls take on a more abstract representation as they introduce the concept of advanced zoological classification. In the Montessori early childhood environment, children are introduced to the families of the animal kingdom and are able to identify and name the external parts of animals. In the lower elementary program, Montessori students are introduced to the first classification of animals, distinguishing between insects, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. In the upper elementary Montessori classroom, students build on this knowledge even further as they learn the science of taxonomy. Following is an example of how you can present taxonomy using matryoshka dolls.

Using a set of ten nesting dolls, place the complete nested set in on a mat in front of the students. Begin your story by telling the students that this largest doll represents the entire Kingdom Animalia. Using the class pet, tell the students that as you work through the kingdom, you will meet all the groups the pet belongs to.

Remove the next doll and explain that this doll represents the Division Chordata – it has a notochord. The next doll represents the Phylum Vertebrata, where the notochord turns into bone. Continue removing the dolls and labeling them until you get to the name of the class pet. This is the taxonomy of Herbert the Guinea Pig:

Kingdom: Animalia (Multicellular, eukaryotic, lack cell walls, motile at some stage.)
Division: Chordata (Notochord, dorsal nerve chord, postanal tail some point during development.)
Phylum: Vertebrata (Notochord turns into bone as adults.)
Class: Mammalia (Hairy bodies, suckle their young.)
Order: Rodentia (Gnawing incisor teeth-grow continuously.)
Family: Caviidae (Tailless South American rodent, four digits on front feet and three digits on hind feet.)
Genus: Cavia (Latin, probably from the Portuguese for rat.)
Species: Cavia porcellus (Porcellus from the Latin porcus, meaning hog or swine.)
Breed: short-haired
Name: Herbert

When the presentation is complete, return the matryoshka dolls to the zoology shelves along with the classification labels. Children can then repeat the activity independently by researching an animal of their choice, laying out the classification with the dolls and labels, and copying the information in their science journals.